mprintf, msprintf, mfprintf C-format specifications
Each conversion specification in the mprintf
,
msprintf
, mfprintf
format
string has the following syntax:
A % (percent) sign.
An optional integer n ≥ 1 followed by "$". n is the index of the input data to substitute to the placeholder, in the msprintf, mprintf .. list of input data. In a format string, placeholders are either all numbered or all non-numbered. A given numbered placeholder can be used only once in its C-format string (Scilab limitation).
Zero or more options
, which modify the
meaning of the conversion specification. The following list contains
the option
characters and their meanings:
- : | Left align, within the field, the result of the conversion. |
---|---|
+ : | Begin the result of a signed conversion with a sign (+ or -). |
' ' : | (space) Prefix a space character to the result if the first character of a signed conversion is not a sign. If both the (space) and + options appear, the (space) option is ignored. |
# : | Convert the value to an alternate form. For
c , d , i ,
s , and u conversions, the
# option has no effect. For
o conversion, # increases
the precision to force the first digit of the result to be a 0
(zero). For x and X
conversions, a nonzero result has 0x or 0X prefixed to it. For
e, E, f, g, and G
conversions, the result always contains a decimal point, even if
no digits follow it. For g and
G conversions, trailing zeros are not removed
from the result. |
0 : | Pad to the field width, using leading zeros (following
any indication of sign or base) for d ,
i , o , u ,
x , X , e ,
E , f , g ,
and G conversions; no space padding is
performed. If the 0 and \-
(dash) flags both appear, the 0 flag is
ignored. For d , i ,
o u , x ,
and X conversions, if a precision is specified,
the 0 flag is also ignored. |
An optional decimal digit string that specifies the minimum field width. If the converted value has fewer characters than the field width, the field is padded on the left to the length specified by the field width. If the left-adjustment option is specified, the field is padded on the right.
An optional precision. The precision is given by a dot.
followed by a decimal digit string. If no precision is given, the
parameter is treated as 0 (zero). The precision specifies:
d
,
u
, o
, x
, or
X
conversions.e
, E
, and f
conversions.g
and G
conversions.s
conversion.A character that indicates the type of conversion to be applied:
% : | Performs no conversion. Prints %.
| ||
---|---|---|---|
s : | Accepts a string or boolean value and displays
characters from the string to the end or the number of characters
indicated by the precision is reached. If no precision is
specified, all characters up to the end are displayed.
UTF-8 extended characters are supported in input strings.
Booleans are converted into 'T' or 'F'. | ||
c : | Not supported. | ||
All following conversions accept any decimal numerical or boolean
input value . Only the real part of any input
complex number is considered. Booleans are implicitly converted
into 0 and 1. | |||
d,i : | Converts the input value to a signed integer int32
notation. Conversions for input |Numbers| ≥ 2^31 are not reliable.
The precision specifies
the minimum number of digits to appear. If the value being
converted can be represented in fewer digits, it is expanded with
leading zeros. The default precision is 1. The result of
converting a zero value with a precision of zero is a null string.
Specifying a field width with a zero as a leading character causes
the field width value to be padded with leading zeros. | ||
u : | Converts the input value to an unsigned integer
uint32 notation. Conversions for input |Numbers| ≥ 2^32 are not reliable.
The precision specifies the
minimum number of digits to appear. If the value being converted
can be represented in fewer digits, it is expanded with leading
zeros. The default precision is 1. The result of converting a zero
value with a precision of zero is a null string. Specifying a
field width with a zero as the leading character causes the field
width value to be padded with leading zeros. | ||
o : | Converts the input value to an unsigned octal notation.
Conversions for input |Numbers| ≥ 2^32 are not reliable.
The precision specifies the minimum
number of digits to appear. If the value being converted can be
represented in fewer digits, it is expanded with leading zeros.
The default precision is 1. The result of converting a zero value
with a precision of zero is a null string. Specifying a field
width with a zero as the leading character causes the field width
value to be padded with leading zeros. An octal value for field
width is not implied. | ||
x, X : | Converts the input value to an unsigned hexadecimal
notation. Conversions for input |Numbers| ≥ 2^32 are not reliable.
The letters ``abcdef'' are used for the x conversion;
the letters ``ABCDEF'' are used for the X
conversion. The precision specifies the minimum number of digits
to appear. If the value being converted can be represented in
fewer digits, it is expanded with leading zeros. The default
precision is 1. The result of converting a zero value with a
precision of zero is a null string. Specifying a field width with
a zero as the leading character causes the field width value to be
padded with leading zeros. | ||
f : | Converts the input value to a decimal notation in
the format %[\-]ddd.ddd .
The number of digits after the decimal point is equal to the precision
specification.
| ||
e, E : | Converts the input value to the exponential
form %[\-]d.ddde +/\-dd .
There is one digit before the decimal point, and the number of
digits after the decimal point is equal to the precision
specification.
| ||
g, G : | Converts the input value in the style of the
e , E , or
f conversion characters, with the precision
specifying the number of significant digits.
Trailing zeros are removed from the result.
A decimal point appears only if it is followed by a digit.
The style used depends on the value
converted. Style e (E , if
G is the flag used) results only if the
exponent resulting from the conversion is less than -4, or if it
is greater or equal to the precision. |
A field width or precision can be indicated by an
*
(asterisk) instead of a digit string. In this case,
an integer value
parameter supplies the field width or
precision. The value
parameter converted for output is
not fetched until the conversion letter is reached, so the parameters
specifying field width or precision must appear before the value to be
converted (if any).
If the result of a conversion is wider than the field width, the field is expanded to contain the converted result.
The representation of the plus sign depends on whether the
+
or (space) formatting option is specified.
The display of exponential form %e is platform dependent with a different number of digits in exponent.
Platform | Example: msprintf("%e",1.23e4) |
Windows | 1.23000e+004 |
Linux/Mac OS | 1.23000e+04 |
Special escaped sequences are supported in Scilab C-format strings:
\n : | Go to Next line (line feed) |
---|---|
\r : | Return: go to the head of current line (for overprinting) |
\t : | horizontal Tab |
\\ : | print a backslash \ |
mprintf('a string: %s\n', 'Scilab'); mprintf('an integer: %d\n', 10); mprintf('an integer: %4d\n', 10); mprintf('a left justified integer: %-4d\n', 10); mprintf('an integer converted to float: %#fd\n',10); mprintf('an integer with a sign: %+4d\n', 10); mprintf('an integer with a sign: %+4d\n', -10); mprintf('an integer padded with zeros: %04d\n', 10); mprintf('an unsigned integer: %u\n', 10); mprintf('an unsigned integer: %4u\n', -10); mprintf('an integer converted to hexadecimal: %x\n', 10); mprintf('a float: %d\n', %pi); mprintf('a float: %3.2d\n', %pi); mprintf('a float (exponential form): %3.2e\n', %pi); mprintf('a float (exponential form): %3.2g\n', %pi); mprintf('a character: %c\n', 'a'); mprintf('a character: %c\n', 'aaa'); | ![]() | ![]() |
With input booleans:
mprintf("\n%%d: %d, %%u: %u, %%o: %o, %%f: %f, %%e: %e, %%s: %s\n" + .. "%%d: %d, %%u: %u, %%o: %o, %%f: %f, %%e: %e, %%s: %s\n", .. %T, %T, %T, %T, %T, %T, %F, %F, %F, %F, %F, %F); | ![]() | ![]() |
%d: 1, %u: 1, %o: 1, %f: 1.000000, %e: 1.000000e+00, %s: T %d: 0, %u: 0, %o: 0, %f: 0.000000, %e: 0.000000e+00, %s: F
With numbered placeholders:
mprintf("%2$s is %1$d-year old.\n", 32, "Peter"); | ![]() | ![]() |
Peter is 32-year old.
With escaped sequences and UTF-8 extended characters:
--> mprintf("The path T:\\abc does not exist.\n"); The path T:\abc does not exist --> mprintf("abcdefghijk\tαβδ\tεϵ\tζηθικλ\rABCDE\n"); ABCDEfghijk αβδ εϵ ζηθικλ
Version | Description |
6.1.0 | Numbered placeholders "%n$.." are supported. |
6.1.1 | Input boolean data can be converted. |